A planar discontinuityAn interruption of the typical structure or desired characteristics of pipeline material, such as a lack of homogeneity in its mechanical, metallurgical, or phy…, usually oriented parallel or near parallel to the pipe surface, is the result of inconsistencies in the material used in the pipe manufacturing process.
- Hide NotesNOTE Laminations are generally considered benign unless they contribute to the formation of a hydrogenA natural gas element used in non-destructive testing,
hydrogen is a chemical element with the symbol "H" and atomic number 1. It is the lightest and most abun… blisterRefers to a localized swelling or blister-like protrusion on the surface of a pipeline. It is typically caused by the accumulation of trapped fluids or gases wi… or are oriented in a manner where they can eventually grow to the inner or outer wall of the pipe through pressure cycles.